Acid or base "strength" is a measure of how readily the molecule ionizes in water. Some acids and bases ionize rapidly and almost completely in solution; these are called strong acids and strong bases.
For example, hydrochloric acid HCl is a strong acid. A similar concept applies to bases, except the reaction is different. A strong base like sodium hydroxide NaOH will also dissociate completely into water; if you put in 1 mole of NaOH into water, you will get 1 mole of hydroxide ions.
The terms "strong" and "weak" in this context do not relate to how corrosive or caustic the substance is, but only its capability to ionize in water. The ability of a substance to eat through other materials or damage skin is more of a function of the properties of that acid, as well as its concentration.
Although, strong acids are more directly dangerous at lower concentrations a strong acid is not necessarily more dangerous than a weak one.
For example, hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid 1 , but it is extremely dangerous and should be handled with great care. Hydrofluoric acid is particularly dangerous because it is capable of eating through glass, as seen in the video in the links section V1.
The percent dissociation of an acid or base is mathematically indicated by the acid ionization constant K a or the base ionization constant K b 1. These terms refer to the ratio of reactants to products in equilibrium when the acid or base reacts with water.
For acids the expression will be. The stronger an acid is, the lower the pH it will produce in solution. Dec 30, Because both of them have ions! Explanation: To conduct electricity, we require charged particles. Related questions How do resonance structures affect acidity? How does carbon dioxide change the acid-base condition of a solution? Why do strong acids have a low pH? Acid and Base Strength. Strength of Acids and Bases:. All acids and bases do not ionize or dissociate to the same extent.
The terms "strong" and "weak" give an indication of the strength of an acid or base. The terms strong and weak describe the ability of acid and base solutions to conduct electricity.
If the acid or base conducts electricity strongly, it is a strong acid or base. If the acid or base conducts electricity weakly, it is a weak acid or base. The instructor will test the conductivity of various solutions with a light bulb apparatus. The light bulb circuit is incomplete. If the circuit is completed by a solution containing a large number of ions, the light bulb will glow brightly indicating a strong ability to conduct electricity as shown for HCl. If the circuit is completed by a solution containing large numbers of molecules and either no ions or few ions, the solution does not conduct or conducts very weakly as shown for acetic acid.
Let us consider the reaction between water and sodium hydroxide NaOH. NaOH in presence of water produces OH - ion. Youtube - Hindi.
0コメント