It can also compromise decision-making processes and creativity. A lack of sleep can also trigger mania in people who have bipolar mood disorder. Other psychological risks include:. You may also end up experiencing microsleep during the day. It can also make you more prone to injury if you operate heavy machinery at work and have a microsleep episode. While you sleep, your immune system produces protective, infection-fighting substances like antibodies and cytokines.
It uses these substances to combat foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Certain cytokines also help you to sleep, giving your immune system more efficiency to defend your body against illness.
Sleep deprivation prevents your immune system from building up its forces. Long-term sleep deprivation also increases your risk for chronic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and heart disease. The relationship between sleep and the respiratory system goes both ways. A nighttime breathing disorder called obstructive sleep apnea OSA can interrupt your sleep and lower sleep quality. As you wake up throughout the night, this can cause sleep deprivation, which leaves you more vulnerable to respiratory infections like the common cold and flu.
Sleep deprivation can also make existing respiratory diseases worse, such as chronic lung illness. Along with eating too much and not exercising, sleep deprivation is another risk factor for becoming overweight and obese. Sleep affects the levels of two hormones, leptin and ghrelin, which control feelings of hunger and fullness. Without enough sleep, your brain reduces leptin and raises ghrelin , which is an appetite stimulant. The flux of these hormones could explain nighttime snacking or why someone may overeat later in the night.
A lack of sleep can also make you feel too tired to exercise. Sleep deprivation also causes your body to release less insulin after you eat. Insulin helps to reduce your blood sugar glucose level. These disruptions can lead to diabetes mellitus and obesity. Sleep affects processes that keep your heart and blood vessels healthy, including those that affect your blood sugar, blood pressure , and inflammation levels. One analysis linked insomnia to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
Hormone production is dependent on your sleep. For testosterone production, you need at least 3 hours of uninterrupted sleep, which is about the time of your first R.
Waking up throughout the night could affect hormone production. This interruption can also affect growth hormone production , especially in children and adolescents. These hormones help the body build muscle mass and repair cells and tissues, in addition to other growth functions. The pituitary gland releases growth hormone throughout each day, but adequate sleep and exercise also help the release of this hormone. A variety of factors can cause poor sleep, including health conditions such as sleep apnoea.
But in most cases, it's due to bad sleeping habits. Find out the 10 medical reasons for feeling tired. Everyone's experienced the fatigue, short temper and lack of focus that often follow a poor night's sleep. An occasional night without sleep makes you feel tired and irritable the next day, but it won't harm your health. After several sleepless nights, the mental effects become more serious. Your brain will fog, making it difficult to concentrate and make decisions.
You'll start to feel down, and may fall asleep during the day. Your risk of injury and accidents at home, work and on the road also increases. If it continues, lack of sleep can affect your overall health and make you prone to serious medical conditions, such as obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure hypertension and diabetes.
If you seem to catch every cold and flu that's going around, your bedtime could be to blame. Prolonged lack of sleep can disrupt your immune system, so you're less able to fend off bugs. Sleeping less may mean you put on weight!
Studies have shown that people who sleep less than 7 hours a day tend to gain more weight and have a higher risk of becoming obese than those who get 7 hours. It's believed to be because sleep-deprived people have reduced levels of leptin the chemical that makes you feel full and increased levels of ghrelin the hunger-stimulating hormone.
Given that a single sleepless night can make you irritable and moody the following day, it's not surprising that chronic sleep debt may lead to long-term mood disorders like clinical depression and generalised anxiety disorder in adults. When people with anxiety or depression were surveyed to calculate their sleeping habits, it turned out that most of them slept for less than 6 hours a night. Studies have suggested that people who usually sleep less than 5 hours a night have an increased risk of developing diabetes.
It seems that missing out on deep sleep may lead to type 2 diabetes by changing the way the body processes glucose, which the body uses for energy. We also rank among the top neurosurgery departments in the U. From your weight to your libido, lack of healthy sleep can affect many areas of your life. Never Miss a Beat! Tap Click to Join! I understand that I may opt out of receiving such communications at any time.
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